Chapter 1 Datasets
The examples in this book use a number of freely available datasets. These datasets are described here.
All datasets are available in the rosetta R package as well as in the rosetta jamovi module, as well as directly from the associated GitLab repository at https://gitlab.com/r-packages/rosetta (in the data directory). The direct links to download each dataset will be included with each dataset’s description. Chapter 3 explains how to load datasets.
1.1 pp15: Party Panel 2015
The Party Panel is an annual semi-panel study that maps the determinants of a nightlife-related risk behavior. The aim is to enable selection of (sub-)determinants2 to target in behavior change interventions. In 2015, the target behaviors were related to using a high dose of MDMA. MDMA, or 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, is the active ingredient in tablets sold as ecstasy. In the Netherlands, the dose of MDMA per tablet increased radically from the nineties, when around 90% of the ecstasy pills contained less than 100 mg of MDMA, to the 2010s, when less than 10% of the ecstasy pills contained less than 100 mg of MDMA. Given this rise, there were concerns that the typical ecstasy user had also changed. Prevention professionals were worried that where in the nineties and early 00s, ecstasy users mostly used to feel the euphoric, loving effects of ecstasy, the ecstasy users of the 2010s instead just wanted to get very intoxicated, preferring higher doses over the recommended dosing guidelines of 1-1.5mg of MDMA per kilogram of body weight.
Based on these concerns, a determinant study was designed to measure the determinants of using a high dose of MDMA. The pp15 dataset is a subset of this dataset. Most variables relate to the sub-determinants of the three Reasoned Action Approach variables: attitude, perceived norms, and perceived behavioral control. In addition, the direct measures of those three determinants are included, as well as intention to use a high dose, what participants considered their preferred dose, and what they considered a high dose. In addition, gender, age, work situation, education level, and bodyweight were also measured.
The dataset contains the following variables, with these labels (in English):
| column | variable |
|---|---|
| gender | Gender |
| age | Age (in years) |
| hasJob | Employment status |
| jobHours | Hours of employment |
| currentEducation | If in education, study type |
| currentEducation_cat | If finished education, study type |
| prevEducation | Categorized current education type |
| prevEducation_cat | Categorized previous education type |
| xtcUseDoseHigh | MDMA dose (in mg) that is considered a high dose |
| xtcUseDosePref | Preferred MDMA dose (in mg) |
| xtcUsePillHigh | Number of pills that is considered a high dose |
| xtcUsePillPref | Preferred number of pills |
| weight_other | Body weight (in kg) |
| highDose_intention | RAA intention: planning to |
| highDose_attitude | RAA intention: want to |
| highDose_perceivedNorm | RAA intention: expect to |
| highDose_pbc | Intention frequency: number of times |
| highDose_IntentionRAA_intention | Intention frequency: multiplier |
| highDose_IntentionRAA_want | Attitude (direct): bad-good |
| highDose_IntentionRAA_expectation | Attitude (direct): unpleasant-pleasant |
| highDose_IntentionFrq_freq.0 | Attitude (direct): dumb-smart |
| highDose_IntentionFrq_freq.1 | Attitude (direct): unhealthy-healthy |
| highDose_AttGeneral_good | Attitude (direct): boring-exciting |
| highDose_AttGeneral_prettig | Injunctive norm (direct): people important to me |
| highDose_AttGeneral_slim | Injunctive norm (direct): people whose opinion I value |
| highDose_AttGeneral_gezond | Descriptive norm (direct): people I respect and admire |
| highDose_AttGeneral_spannend | Descriptive norm (direct): people like me |
| highDose_NormGeneral_in1 | Perceived behavioral control (direct): would not/would be able to |
| highDose_NormGeneral_in2 | Perceived behavioral control (direct): easy-hard |
| highDose_NormGeneral_dn1 | Perceived behavioral control (direct): no/complete control |
| highDose_NormGeneral_dn2 | Perceived behavioral control (direct): no/many external factors |
| highDose_PBCgeneral_ifwanted | Perceived behavioral control (direct): under others’ control/under my control |
| highDose_PBCgeneral_easy | Perceived reasons for using a high dose of MDMA (open question) |
| highDose_PBCgeneral_control | Perceived reasons for not using a high dose of MDMA (open question) |
| highDose_PBCgeneral_externalFactors | Expectation (attitudinal belief): shorter/longer trip |
| highDose_PBCgeneral_notOnlyMe | Expectation (attitudinal belief): less/more intense trip |
| highDose_OpenWhy | Expectation (attitudinal belief): less/more wasted |
| highDose_OpenWhyNot | Expectation (attitudinal belief): less/more energy |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_long | Expectation (attitudinal belief): less/more euphoric |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_intensity | Expectation (attitudinal belief): less/more self-insights |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_intoxicated | Expectation (attitudinal belief): less/more connected to others |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_energy | Expectation (attitudinal belief): easier/harder to make contact |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_euphoria | Expectation (attitudinal belief): feel less/more like sex |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_insight | Expectation (attitudinal belief): forget problems slower/faster |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_connection | Expectation (attitudinal belief): less/more socially isolated |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_contact | Expectation (attitudinal belief): can probe my boundaries worse/better |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_sex | Expectation (attitudinal belief): music sounds worse/better |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_coping | Expectation (attitudinal belief): less/more hallucinations |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_isolated | Expectation (attitudinal belief): time passes slower/faster |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_boundaries | Expectation (attitudinal belief): remember less/more |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_music | Expectation (attitudinal belief): less/more healthy |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_hallucinate | Expectation (attitudinal belief): experience worse/better |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_timeAwareness | Expectation (attitudinal belief): worry less/more physical side effects |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_memory | Expectation (attitudinal belief): worry less/more mental side effects |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_health | Expectation (attitudinal belief): less/more regret |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_better | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer shorter/longer trip |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_physicalSideEffects | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer less/more intense trip |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_psychicSideEffects | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer less/more wasted |
| highDose_AttBeliefs_regret | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer less/more energy |
| highDose_AttDesirable_long | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer less/more euphoria |
| highDose_AttDesirable_intens | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer less/more self-insight |
| highDose_AttDesirable_intoxicated | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer less/more connection |
| highDose_AttDesirable_energy | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer less/more contact |
| highDose_AttDesirable_euphoria | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer feeling like sex less/more |
| highDose_AttDesirable_insight | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer forgetting problems slower/faster |
| highDose_AttDesirable_connection | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer feeling less/more isolated |
| highDose_AttDesirable_contact | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer testing my boundaries less/more |
| highDose_AttDesirable_sex | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer impure/pure pills |
| highDose_AttDesirable_coping | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer music sounding worse/better |
| highDose_AttDesirable_isolated | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer less/more hallucination |
| highDose_AttDesirable_boundaries | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer time to go slower/faster |
| highDose_AttDesirable_purity | Evaluation (attitudinal belief): prefer remembering less/more |
| highDose_AttDesirable_music | Perceived disapproval/approval from partner |
| highDose_AttDesirable_hallucinate | Perceived disapproval/approval from best friends |
| highDose_AttDesirable_timeAwareness | Perceived disapproval/approval from ecstasy-using friends |
| highDose_AttDesirable_memory | Perceived disapproval/approval from other friends |
| highDose_NormBeliefs_partner | Perceived disapproval/approval from party patrons |
| highDose_NormBeliefs_bestFriends | Perceived disapproval/approval from parents |
| highDose_NormBeliefs_xtcFriends | Perceived disapproval/approval from siblings |
| highDose_NormBeliefs_otherFriends | Motivation to comply with partner |
| highDose_NormBeliefs_partyPeople | Motivation to comply with best friends |
| highDose_NormBeliefs_parents | Motivation to comply with ecstasy-using friends |
| highDose_NormBeliefs_siblings | Motivation to comply with other friends |
| highDose_NormMTC_partner | Motivation to comply with party patrons |
| highDose_NormMTC_bestFriends | Motivation to comply with parents |
| highDose_NormMTC_xtcFriends | Motivation to comply with siblings |
| highDose_NormMTC_otherFriends | Perception that partner never/always uses a high dose |
| highDose_NormMTC_partyPeople | Perception that best friends never/always use a high dose |
| highDose_NormMTC_parents | Perception that ecstasy-using friends never/always use a high dose |
| highDose_NormMTC_siblings | Perception that other friends never/always use a high dose |
| highDose_DescrNorm_partner | Perception that party patrons never/always use a high dose |
| highDose_DescrNorm_bestFriends | Perception that parents never/always use a high dose |
| highDose_DescrNorm_xtcFriends | Perception that siblings never/always use a high dose |
| highDose_DescrNorm_otherFriends | Control belief: declining offer of high dose hard/easy |
| highDose_DescrNorm_partyPeople | Control belief: taking high dose hard/easy |
| highDose_DescrNorm_parents | Control belief: preventing taking high dose hard/easy |
| highDose_DescrNorm_siblings | Control belief: taking high dose once high hard/easy |
| highDose_ContrBeliefs_sayNo | Control belief: preventing high dose once high hard/easy |
| highDose_ContrBeliefs_highDoseEasy | Perception of own tolerance to MDMA low/high |
| highDose_ContrBeliefs_normalDoseEasy | Attitudinal belief product: boundary testing |
| highDose_ContrBeliefs_easyHighDoseWhenHigh | Attitudinal belief product: connection to others |
| highDose_ContrBeliefs_easyNormalDoWhenHigh | Attitudinal belief product: contact with others |
| highDose_Tolerance_tolerance | Attitudinal belief product: forgetting problems |
| highDose_attProduct_boundaries | Attitudinal belief product: energy |
| highDose_attProduct_connection | Attitudinal belief product: euphoria |
| highDose_attProduct_contact | Attitudinal belief product: hallucinations |
| highDose_attProduct_coping | Attitudinal belief product: self-insight |
| highDose_attProduct_energy | Attitudinal belief product: wasted |
| highDose_attProduct_euphoria | Attitudinal belief product: social isolation |
| highDose_attProduct_hallucinate | Attitudinal belief product: trip duration |
| highDose_attProduct_insight | Attitudinal belief product: remembering afterwards |
| highDose_attProduct_intoxicated | Attitudinal belief product: music |
| highDose_attProduct_isolated | Attitudinal belief product: feeling like sex |
| highDose_attProduct_long | Attitudinal belief product: time acceleration |
| highDose_attProduct_memory | Normative belief product: best friends |
| highDose_attProduct_music | Normative belief product: other friends |
| highDose_attProduct_sex | Normative belief product: parents |
| highDose_attProduct_timeAwareness | Normative belief product: partner |
| highDose_normProduct_bestFriends | Normative belief product: party patrons |
| highDose_normProduct_otherFriends | Normative belief product: siblings |
| highDose_normProduct_parents | Normative belief product: ecstasy-using friends |
| highDose_normProduct_partner | Mean of direct RAA intention items |
| highDose_normProduct_partyPeople | Mean of direct RAA attitude items |
| highDose_normProduct_siblings | Mean of direct RAA perceived norm items |
| highDose_normProduct_xtcFriends | Mean of direct RAA perceived behavioral control items |
| gender_bi | Gender, dichotomized into a binary variable |
| hasJob_bi | Employment status, dichotomized into a binary variable |
To directly download this dataset, use https://gitlab.com/r-packages/rosetta/raw/prod/data/pp15.csv?inline=false.
In behavior change research, a determinant is a psychological construct that is theoretically postulated to cause behavior, such as “attitude” or “self-efficacy”. A sub-determinant is a determinant that is sufficiently specific to verbalize or visualize, such as “if I exercise every day, I will feel happier” or “if it is raining, I have a hard time pushing myself to go for a run”.↩︎